By the authority vested in me as President by the 
                Constitution and the laws of the United States of 
                America, including the International Emergency Economic 
                Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.)(IEEPA), the 
                National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), and 
                section 301 of title 3, United States Code,

                I, GEORGE W. BUSH, President of the United States of 
                America, find that the Government of Syria continues to 
                engage in certain conduct that formed the basis for the 
                national emergency declared in Executive Order 13338 of 
                May 11, 2004, including but not limited to undermining 
                efforts with respect to the stabilization of Iraq. I 
                further find that the conduct of certain members of the 
                Government of Syria and other persons contributing to 
                public corruption related to Syria, including by 
                misusing Syrian public assets or by misusing public 
                authority, entrenches and enriches the Government of 
                Syria and its supporters and thereby enables the 
                Government of Syria to continue to engage in certain 
                conduct that formed the basis for the national 
                emergency declared in Executive Order 13338. In light 
                of these findings, and to take additional steps with 
                respect to the national emergency declared in Executive 
                Order 13338 of May 11, 2004, I hereby order:

                Section 1. (a) Except to the extent provided in section 
                203(b)(1), (3), and (4) of IEEPA (50 U.S.C. 1702(b)(1), 
                (3) and (4)), the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export 
                Enhancement Act of 2000 (title IX, Public Law 106-387), 
                or regulations, orders, directives, or licenses that 
                may be issued pursuant to this order, and 
                notwithstanding any contract entered into or any 
                license or permit granted prior to the effective date 
                of this order, all property and interests in property 
                that are in the United States, that hereafter come 
                within the United States, or that are or hereafter come 
                within the possession or control of any United States 
                person, including any overseas branch, of the following 
                persons are blocked and may not be transferred, paid, 
                exported, withdrawn, or otherwise dealt in: persons 
                determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, after 
                consultation with the Secretary of State, to be 
                responsible for, to have engaged in, to have 
                facilitated, or to have secured improper advantage as a 
                result of, public corruption by senior officials within 
                the Government of Syria.

                (b) The prohibitions in paragraph (a) of this section 
                include, but are not limited to, (i) the making of any 
                contribution or provision of funds, goods, or services 
                by, to, or for the benefit of any person designated 
                pursuant to this order, and (ii) the receipt of any 
                contribution or provision of funds, goods, or services 
                from any such person.

                Sec. 2. Section 3(a)(iv) of Executive Order 13338 is 
                hereby amended to read as follows:

``(iv) to be or to have been responsible for or otherwise significantly 
contributing to actions taken or decisions made by the Government of Syria 
that have the purpose or effect of undermining efforts to stabilize Iraq or 
of allowing the use of Syrian territory or facilities to undermine efforts 
to stabilize Iraq; or'.

                Sec. 3. (a) Any transaction by a United States person 
                or within the United States that evades or avoids, has 
                the purpose of evading or avoiding, or attempts to 
                violate any of the prohibitions set forth in this order 
                is prohibited.

[[Page 8992]]

                (b) Any conspiracy formed to violate any of the 
                prohibitions set forth in this order is prohibited.

                Sec. 4. For purposes of this order:

                (a) the term ``person' means any individual or entity;

                (b) the term ``entity' means a partnership, 
                association, trust, joint venture, corporation, group, 
                subgroup, or other organization; and

                (c) the term ``United States person' means any United 
                States citizen, permanent resident alien, entity 
                organized under the laws of the United States or any 
                jurisdiction within the United States (including 
                foreign branches), or any person in the United States.

                Sec. 5. I hereby determine that the making of donations 
                of the type specified in section 203(b)(2) of IEEPA (50 
                U.S.C. 1702(b)(2)) by, to, or for the benefit of, 
                persons whose property and interests in property are 
                blocked pursuant to section 1 of this order would 
                seriously impair my ability to deal with the national 
                emergency declared in Executive Order 13338 and relied 
                upon for additional steps taken in Executive Order 
                13399 of April 25, 2006, and I hereby prohibit such 
                donations as provided by section 1 of this order.

                Sec. 6. For those persons whose property and interests 
                in property are blocked pursuant to section 1 of this 
                order who might have a constitutional presence in the 
                United States, I find that, because of the ability to 
                transfer funds or other assets instantaneously, prior 
                notice to such persons of measures to be taken pursuant 
                to this order would render these measures ineffectual. 
                I therefore determine that for these measures to be 
                effective in addressing the national emergency declared 
                in Executive Order 13338 and relied upon for additional 
                steps taken in Executive Order 13399, there need be no 
                prior notice of a determination made pursuant to this 
                order.

                Sec. 7. The Secretary of the Treasury, after 
                consultation with the Secretary of State, is hereby 
                authorized to take such actions, including the 
                promulgation of rules and regulations, and to employ 
                all powers granted to the President by IEEPA as may be 
                necessary to carry out the purposes of this order. The 
                Secretary of the Treasury may redelegate any of these 
                functions to other officers and agencies of the United 
                States Government, consistent with applicable law. All 
                executive agencies of the United States Government are 
                hereby directed to take all appropriate measures within 
                their authority to carry out the provisions of this 
                order and, where appropriate, to advise the Secretary 
                of the Treasury in a timely manner of the measures 
                taken.

                Sec. 8. Nothing in this order is intended to affect the 
                continued effectiveness of any rules, regulations, 
                orders, licenses, or other forms of administrative 
                action issued, taken, or continued in effect heretofore 
                or hereafter under 31 C.F.R. chapter V, except as 
                expressly terminated, modified, or suspended by or 
                pursuant to this order.

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                Sec. 9. This order is not intended to, and does not, 
                create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, 
                enforceable at law or in equity by any party against 
                the United States, its departments, agencies, 
                instrumentalities, or entities, its officers or 
                employees, or any other person.
                
                
                    President, George Bush

                THE WHITE HOUSE,

                    February 13, 2008.