NASA Procedures and Guidelines
This Document is Obsolete and Is No Longer Used. Check the NODIS Library to access the current version: http://nodis3.gsfc.nasa.gov
NPR 8705.2 Eff. Date: June 19, 2003 Cancellation Date: February 07, 2005	Human-Rating Requirements and Guidelines for Space Flight Systems w/Change 2 (6/25/04)
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Preface

P.1 PURPOSE

NASA's policy is to protect the health and safety of humans involved in and exposed to space flight activities, specifically the public, the crew, passengers, and ground processing personnel. This document aids in the implementation of that policy by establishing human-rating requirements for Agency space flight systems that carry humans or whose function or malfunction may pose a hazard to NASA space systems that carry humans. This document provides the requirements, procedures, and information to design and certify as human-rated all space flight systems involving humans or interfacing with human space flight systems prior to and after becoming operational. The intent of this certification is to provide the maximum reasonable assurance that a failure will not imperil the flight crew or occupants and that personnel may be recovered without a disabling injury if there is a mishap. Certification ensures that conditions that could adversely affect the safety of personnel are mitigated. The human-rating process is used to maximize the safety of the crew and passengers. Other requirements for safety and mission assurance are documented in NASA Headquarters Office of Safety and Mission Assurance (OSMA) policy and program-specific requirements documents. (For space suits and human maneuvering units, human rating implies flight certified.)

P.2 APPLICABILITY

a. The requirements in this document apply to all space flight systems (hardware, software, ground, and flight) developed and/or operated by or for NASA, to support human activity in space and that interact with NASA human space flight systems. Space flight system design and associated risks to humans shall be evaluated over the program's life cycle, including design, development, fabrication, processing, maintenance, launch, recovery, and final disposal. The Governing Program Management Council (GPMC) will determine the applicability of this document to programs and projects in existence (e.g., heritage expendable and reusable launch vehicles and evolved expendable launch vehicles), at or beyond implementation, at the time of the issuance of this document. Program managers of existing and new systems will have the option of tailoring the human-rating requirements set forth in this document, with approval from the Chief Health and Medical Officer (CHMO), Associate Administrator for the Office Space Flight (OSF), and Associate Administrator for the Safety and Mission Assurance (SMA). (See section 3.4, which addresses the requirements tailoring submission and approval process.) Applicability to internationally provided space flight systems should be negotiated and documented in a distinct separate agreement, which can be joint or multilateral.

b. This document is not a direct instruction to NASA contractors but provides requirements, procedures, and information to the responsible NASA program officials and contracting officer. It is made applicable to contractors as appropriate through contract clauses, specifications, or statements of work in conformance with the NASA Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) Supplement.

c. This document shall not supersede more stringent requirements imposed by individual NASA organizations and other Federal Government agencies (Requirement 30657). NASA program and project management requirements are contained in NASA Procedural Requirements (NPR) 7120.5, NASA Program and Project Management Processes and Requirements. A requirement is identified by "shall," a good practice by "should," permission by "may" or "can," expectation by "will," and descriptive material by "is."

d. Human-Rating Plan Development Requirements:

(1) All program managers shall submit a human-rating plan for initial review and final approval in accordance with the requirements of this document and within the timeframe requirements in Appendix C (Requirement 30660). The human-rating plan should describe the system design, reference missions, system safety engineering, safety and risk management, and maintenance necessary to reduce risks to an acceptable level throughout the system's life cycle. The plan need not be a stand-alone plan, provided it meets the requirements set forth in this document. The human-rating plan may be incorporated into the program plan developed via NPR 7120.5, latest revision.

(2) At a minimum, all human-rating plans shall address all "shall" requirement statements in this document (Requirement 30662). All "shall" statements in this document are boldfaced. All human-rating plans should follow the format of chapter 2 of this document. All human- rating plans shall document compliance and clear traceability with all functional and performance design requirements established in this document (Requirement 30663).

(3) Human-rating plan content can be a subcategory of the risk management and verification process and deliverables. Human-rating requirements can be included in the requirements flow down from higher level requirements documents. In addition, the verification plan required for human rating can be a part of the overall program verification plan.

P.3 AUTHORITY
a. 42 U.S.C. 2473 (c)(1), Section 203 (c)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958, as amended.
b. NPD 8700.1, NASA Policy for Safety and Mission Success.
c. NPD 7120.4, Program/Project Management.

P.4 REFERENCES
a. MIL-STD-1472, Department of Defense Design Criteria Standard - Human Engineering, latest revision.
b. NASA/TM-2002-210785, Guidelines and Capabilities for Designing Human Missions, latest revision, or equivalent NASA Standard.
c. IEEE/EIA 12207 - Information Technology, Software Life-cycle Process, latest revision.
d. JSCM 8080.5, JSC Design and Procedural Standards Manual, latest revision.
e. JSC 26882, NASA Space Flight Health Requirements, latest revision.
f. NASA Standard 8719.13, Software Safety NASA Technical Standard, latest revision.
g. NASA-STD-3000 Volume I - IV, Man-Systems Integration Standards, latest revision.
h. NASA TND-5153, The Use of Pilot Rating in the Evaluation of Aircraft Handling Qualities, latest revision.
i. NPD 8730.4, Software Independent Verification and Validation (IV&V) Policy, latest revision.
j. NPR 7120.5, NASA Program and Project Management Processes and Requirements, latest revision.
k. NPR 8715.3, NASA Safety Manual, latest revision.
l. Additional references are available in Appendix A.

P.5 CANCELLATION
None.

/s/
Bryan D. O'Connor
Associate Administrator for
Safety and Mission Assurance

Concurrences:

/s/ Dr. Richard S. Williams Chief Health and Medical Officer

/s/ William F. Readdy Associate Administrator for Space Flight

/s/ Dr. Jeremiah F. Creedon Associate Administrator for Aerospace Technology

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