NASA Procedures and Guidelines
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NPR 9640.1 Eff. Date: January 18, 2013 Cancellation Date:	Financial Management of Contractor Claims Against NASA
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Appendix A. Definitions

Affirmance. A decision upholding the decision of a lower court or agency.

Assignment. The transfer or allocation of any part of a claim against the United States Government, an interest in the claim or the authorization to receive payment for any part of the claim, to another party. An assignment maybe made only after a claim is allowed, the amount of the claim is decided, and a warrant for payment of the claim has been issued.

Claim. Any request or demand, whether under a contract or otherwise, for money or property and whether or not the United States has title to the money or property, that is presented to an officer, employee, or agent of the United States; or a written demand or written assertion by one of the contracting parties seeking, as a matter of right, the payment of a specified and set amount of money, the adjustment or interpretation of contract terms, or other relief arising under or relating to the contract.

Note: For purposes of this NPR, the term "claim" does not cover employees' personal property claims; claims against NASA or NASA's employees for damage to or loss of property or personal injury or death; or claims related to payroll, travel, transportation, or relocation.

However, a written demand or written assertion by the contractor seeking the payment of money exceeding $100,000 is not a claim under the Contract Disputes Act until certified, as required by the Contract Disputes Act. A voucher, invoice, or other routine request for payment that is not in dispute when submitted is not a claim. The submission may be converted to a claim, by written notice to the contracting officer if it is disputed either as to liability or amount or is not acted upon in a reasonable time.

Claimant. A person who makes a claim or who brings a civil action in a court of law.

Contingent Liabilities. Amounts that are recognized as a result of a past event where a future outflow or other sacrifice of resource is probable and measurable.

Judgment Fund. A permanent, indefinite appropriation for the satisfaction of judgments, awards, and compromise settlements against the United States, 31 U.S.C. § 1304(a)(2) (1994).

Responsible External Government Agency. The Federal Agency that is required by statute or regulation to settle a specific type of claim.

Settlement. An administrative determination of the amount due.

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